Herman Kahn, game-systems theorist and once upon a time chief military strategist at the RAND Corporation, served as one of the inspirations for Dr. Strangelove.
RAND Corp. is one of the older “think tanks” in the United States, set up by the U.S. Air Force in 1946 to “think about air power.”
Thomas Medvetz’s Think Tanks in America has the story about institutions like Rand, whose ambiguity is less an accidental feature of their existence and more often the very key to their impact.